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The Emmanuel Research Review is a publication of the Emmanuel Gospel Center, and features articles, papers, resources, and information that we believe are helpful and relevant to urban pastors, leaders, and community members in their efforts to serve their communities effectively. |
Introduced by Brian Corcoran
Research Associate, Emmanuel
Gospel Center
Managing Editor, Emmanuel Research Review
“The International Labor Organization (ILO)—the United Nations agency charged with addressing labor standards, employment, and social protection issues—estimates that there are at least 12.3 million adults and children in forced labor, bonded labor, and commercial sexual servitude at any given time.”
“After drug dealing, trafficking of humans is tied with arms dealing as the second largest criminal activity in the world, and is the fastest growing.” –U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
“The United States is a destination country for thousands of men, women and children trafficked largely from Mexico, East Asia, as well as countries in South Asia, Central America, Africa, and Europe, for the purposes of sexual and labor exploitation” –U.S. Attorney General’s report on trafficking in persons, June 2009.
As more information is being shared about the global challenge of human trafficking, an opportunity is also emerging for the church to engage in the local and international, practical and spiritual, dimension of the this problem.
In this issue of the Emmanuel Research Review we have included:
As always, we welcome your feedback!
by Sarah Durfey, Massachusetts Co-Director of “Not For Sale”
As a poor farmer in the countryside of Cambodia, you are struggling to get by—hardly keeping enough food on the table for yourself, much less feeding your children and elderly parents. With so many mouths to feed you wonder if you will all survive another dry season. With these worries on your mind, you jump at the chance to give your daughter a better life. Your wife’s cousin visiting from a distant village promises she has a good job for your daughter, where she will get an education and be able to send money home to help the family. How could you pass up this opportunity?
You are a single mother in Moldova. Your son is growing up, and you don’t have enough money to pay for school supplies to send him to kindergarten. Your relative’s friend has offered you a job as a waitress over in Italy. You turned it down before. Now, you feel you have come to the end of your rope. There are no jobs in the Moldova and you are the only one who can provide your son with any kind of future. If you leave him now, you can go make enough money to send back, and hopefully return within the year. (Not For Sale: The Return of the Global Slave Trade—and How We Can Fight It by David Batstone)
As a mother you try to hold back the tears as you watch your eldest son, 10 years old, walk off into the distance, but he must go find work. There is nothing here and too many mouths to feed. A passing traveler had once spoken of many job opportunities near Ghana’s Lake Volta. So your son marches off in that direction, along with a few other young village boys. You hope he will be safe, find work, and will be able to return with enough money to get the family through this next season. (http://www.freetheslaves.net/Page.aspx?pid=247)
Angry and upset you run out of your house—away from your mom’s screaming tirades and her boyfriend’s abusive words and actions. You run—not sure what to—but anywhere on the streets of Boston must be better than that hellish house. The first night you curl up in a dark corner, seemingly hidden from patrolling eyes. Without having captured much sleep you get up and stretch at the first noises of morning—or mostly due to the fact that you are in the way of the trash barrels being dragged out on the curb. That day you hang with a group of young people. As a girl, you feel you need to be tough—you need to fit in—but they seem chill, and offer you a smoke. Later they offer to share some crack with you —why not? The next day you have some more, and the money you grabbed out of your mom’s purse is quickly slipping away. You don’t even care—you want to forget the world. A few days later the money is long gone—you haven’t eaten and you can’t go another hour without a fix. You can’t help but think of the guy who offered to supply you with as much cocaine as you want in exchange for some kind of sexual services. You had refused then, but now? (http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/07/opinion/07kristof.html?adxnnl=1&adxnnlx=1241701476-C4dtHXJwOQaVscj7VEQsEA)
You have been tricked and your daughter has been SOLD You left hoping for a better job, but found yourself SOLD Your son arrived at the lake and was quickly SOLD You are desperate for drugs, and have been sucked into prostituting yourself; you are repeatedly SOLD…beaten and threatened with death for any attempt of escape.
Modern Slavery
Two years ago I thought slavery had ended with William Wilberforce and Abraham Lincoln. I had no idea how many people were being bought and sold today around the world. They are exploited for labor in fishing, farming, weaving, as well as for commercial sex. When David Batstone, founder and president of the Not For Sale Campaign, came and spoke at Gordon College, he shared a story of human trafficking that happened in nearby Worcester, Massachusetts. At that point I knew I had a part to play in bringing this slavery to an end.
Not only is slavery still happening, but research shows there are more slaves in the world today then ever in human history, even more than during the entire course of the trans-Atlantic slave trade! The estimated number today is 27 million people who are in conditions of slavery around the world, 80 percent of which are female, and just over half are children. (http://www.state.gov/g/tip/rls/tiprpt/2008/)
The term “human trafficking,” used to describe modern slavery, is somewhat confusing because it implies people are moved from one place to another, which is often, but not always the case. There are many layers of complexity, but a simple explanation would be: someone being held by force, fraud or coercion, against their will, to perform services with little to no compensation. (http://www.state.gov/g/tip/rls/tiprpt/2008/105487.htm)
As people are being enslaved all over the world, such as in India, Cambodia, Uganda, Brazil, China, Haiti, Peru, Italy, England, and here in America, grassroots researchers are sharing their findings at http://slaverymap.org to publicly display cases discovered around the world as an awareness, prevention, and advocacy tool.
Trafficking in the United States
Thousands are brought across our borders into the United States. Often they are tricked by the promise of a better life, education and a good job. Yet upon arriving, they find themselves in debt to someone who plans on exploiting their labor and/or bodies for sex until they work off the debt, which somehow only increases as time goes on.
Many United States citizens are also trafficked from their homes. Youth are abducted; talked into selling their bodies to make some money for drugs, or even college, and then are trapped. They are not allowed to leave under threats of death or harm to their families. Often the pimp convinces the girl he loves her and wants to take care of her. He buys her nice things in the beginning but later begins to abuse her and sell her off each night. She’s been brainwashed to believe he is her only protection.
Homeless children, runaways, and foster kids are at the highest risk of being picked up by a pimp/trafficker. The pimps know what to look for on the streets. They can spot the emptiness, which allows them to enter in and take hold of another life. Sadly the market is growing, and they can get a good sum of money for a young girl, especially a virgin. Drugs are used up after one use, but a person can be used over and over. Getting caught with drugs in your trunk is a straightforward criminal offense with harsh consequences. Trafficking however, can be easily disguised.
Restaurants, factories, and farmers can make a much higher profit if they do not have to pay their employees. They can force, rather than pay for overtime and control their workers every move. Traffickers may say it is just a business that it is only about the money. But these are human beings made in the image of God and they should not be for sale.
Trafficking in Boston
Within the city of Boston there are multiple forms and cases of trafficking. Sexual exploitation is the most obvious, as it is advertised on craigslist and other websites selling erotic services. The underground systems of forced labor in farms, restaurants, and domestic house servant/slaves throughout the Boston area are harder to track.
Here is an example of a forced servitude case, discovered in Boston in the neighborhood of Brighton:
Tahira Juma, a Boston University School of Public Health graduate student, and her husband Saleem Al-Khaboriof, an engineer, faced a federal lawsuit for "engaging in human trafficking and modern day slavery" in 2004. The couple came to Boston in January 2003, from their native country of Oman so that Juma could study at Boston University, according to the suit.
Naseem Mohamed Siraj, who had been a member of the couple's household staff in Oman, alleged that the couple threatened to abandon her in Oman with no money to return to her family in India, where she has three children, if she didn't come with them to Boston.
In Boston, Siraj was forced to care around-the-clock for four children ages 4 to 10 and was paid sporadic amounts totaling about $1,250 for 15 months. She had no bed and was fed only the children's leftovers, according to the suit.
She was never allowed to leave the home alone and endured "a constant barrage of verbal taunts, abusive language and disobedient behavior from the children," the suit claims.When she vowed to leave, her employers "intimidated Mrs. Siraj by telling her that if she left, she would be arrested and thrown in jail." (http://slaverymap.org)
After the passage of the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2004, task forces were started across America to address the issue of human trafficking. Here in Boston the task force has been hard at work investigating, rescuing victims, and prosecuting traffickers, as well as networking, and building relationships between social services and law enforcement, students, faith-based communities, and businesses.
The Boston Task Force is directed by Karen McLaughlin, and is made up of various social services, the FBI, state troopers, the Boston Police Department, the General Attorney’s office, and many others. More information on the MA anti-Human Trafficking Task Force can be found at http://httf.wordpress.com/.
Boston is now home to the database for the all the task forces across the nation http://www.humantrafficking.neu.edu/ and there is a growing number of students and faculty engaging in the issue. Reaching across multiple schools, Human Trafficking Students http://humantraffickingstudents.webs.com/ in Boston hosted :Destination Freedom: A Learning Approach to Engaging the Issue of Human Trafficking/Modern Slavery” in April 2009.
How to Get Involved
The Not For Sale Campaign is a national organization, which is beginning to take root here in Boston. There are many opportunities for volunteering and active engagement at multiple levels to be a part of the modern abolitionist movement. Everyone can use what they love to do, and where they work to make a difference. We can help spread the word that slavery still exists, assist survivors of trafficking in meeting basic needs, raise money for a safe house, help to document cases, or participate in the investigation of potential trafficking locations.
There is also the consumer side of labor exploitation to consider. Often we are supporting slave labor by the purchases we make. The production of most chocolate, sugar, cotton, and other common products, are entangled in trafficking activity. Yet, we can decide to shop differently and support fair trade products that make a point to be sure there is fair wages paid to everyone down the supply chain. People can visit www.Free2Work.org which is a Wikipedia-style site, created to help consumers make wise choices, and to urge companies to change their policies to not be connected to slave labor throughout their supply chains.
There are an increasing number of churches getting involved in the Not For Sale “underground church network.” This is a vital and driving force in the movement as churches respond to the call to be instruments of love and righteousness in society. As the Body of Christ we are his hands and feet. We are called to give, and to serve. We have a hope that is greater than all of the brokenness and evil in this world. As Christians we must stand up against this oppression and let our words and actions proclaim the good news of freedom! We must help to rescue victims of trafficking from their physical bondage and share the amazing message of the hope that we have in Christ. It is a message of true healing and redemption from the scars of abuse.
We have a choice: will we take a stand and act to end this modern day slavery? Or will we sit back and let history take its course, and by apathy contribute to the problem?
Choosing to take a stand for justice will require living differently. We will need to pay more attention to where the food we eat and the clothes we wear are coming from. We’ll need to stand against the force of our culture’s perspective on women as sexual objects and the glorified pimp culture. We’ll need to reconsider our approach and perspectives regarding the women and young girls ensnared in prostitution by predatory pimps and the men who are buying. We need to take a stand and call out in a different voice. We need to speak up for those whom society has forgotten and demand the end of slavery.
The Sprit of the Lord is upon me because the Lord has anointed me to preach the good news to the poor. He has sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim freedom for the captives and release from darkness for the prisoners. —Isaiah 61:1
Images provided by Not For Sale Campaign
About the Author
Sarah Durfey is the Massachusetts Co-Director of Not For Sale. She graduated from Gordon College in December 2008 with a degree in sociology. While at Gordon she was actively involved with many campus ministries and organizations to help initiate the start of an abolitionist group on campus, which has grown and joined forces with other Boston area schools in a student network. Sarah interned at the International Institute of Boston last spring, and is working to network and build the community around the issue of human trafficking within and around Boston. If you would like to learn more about human trafficking or what Not For Sale is doing in Massachusetts, Sarah can be contacted at sarahd@notforsalecampaign.org
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by Brian Corcoran
Break the Chains: Slavery in the 21st Century, a national ministry initiative of American Baptist Women’s Ministries, is dedicated to seeing the end of sex trafficking.
Break the Chains, as a national project of the American Baptist Church, provides a model of a denominationally implemented approach in addressing the issue of sex trafficking. Break the Chains has a multi-faceted approach that includes coordinated prayer, Bible study, research, an awareness campaign, advocacy training, and financial sponsorship of domestic and foreign ministries that are working to have a global impact on human trafficking.
Barbara Anderson, Massachusetts-based president-elect of the American Baptist Women’s Ministries, has been working with a team that travels throughout the state, providing presentations and seminars on Break the Chains. Recently, at International Community Church in Boston, Barbara Anderson provided a brief overview of sex trafficking, which included: legal definitions, local and global statistics, local and national task force activities, and advocacy and awareness resource material. She also suggested opportunities for church members to get involved.
As Anderson’s presentation and the Break the Chains testimonials illustrate, there are so many ways to get involved. On the Break the Chains website you can read about an 84 year old pie baker and professional auctioneer that collaborated in fund raising, people testifying to their local law makers, a Bible study group for Zambian women ensnared in prostitution, and outreach workers on the streets of Los Angeles. The ministry of Break the Chains is engaging a broad spectrum of Christians from around the world to collaborate in the effort to end sex trafficking.
In addition to mobilizing Christians in the fight against sex trafficking, Break the Chains, along with other faith based investors, are pressing the travel and hospitality industries to help protect women and children from human trafficking. Through letter writing, company dialogue, shareholder resolutions, and other methods, companies are urged to adopt a “Code of Conduct for the Protection of Children from Sexual Exploitation in Travel and Tourism.”
As outlined on the www.thecode.org website, suppliers of tourism services adopting the code commit themselves to implement the following six criteria:
The development of the code is promoted by an international, multi-stakeholder steering committee composed of prestigious tourism industry representatives, non-governmental organizations and UN agencies.
A major component of Break the Chains is the 2007-2009 fund raising goal of $250,000—half of which will be allocated to ministries in the U.S. and the other half overseas. Overseas ministries already supported during 2007-2008 include: the New Life Center in Chiang Mai, Thailand, which provides rehabilitation services and education to at-risk girls and women; Mansion of Light Baptist Church in Costa Rica for ongoing programming and a safe place; and The Convention of Philippine Baptist Churches for outreach programming, staff, and a new facility for girls that prostitute themselves in the beach community of Iliol. During the same time in the United States, Break the Chains financially sponsored Elizabeth’s House, a residential program in Sioux Falls, South Dakota; Night Life USA outreach and support ministries in Los Angeles, California; and Peoria Friendship House in Peoria, Illinois that is helping Hispanic immigrant women develop cottage-based industry skills.
As their fund raising campaign continues, Break the Chains has a second award group planned for August of 2009. The second award group includes: a ministry center for girls and women rescued from shrines where they were held as sex slaves in Ghana, ‘Woman to Woman’, a tutoring and outreach program for immigrant women in prostitution in Northern Italy, and ‘Maids in Lebanon’, a ministry to free imprisoned women who were brought to Lebanon to work as maids, exploited, and imprisoned as “illegals.” In the United States, a new faith-based ministry that addresses issues of sexual exploitation locally and transnationally called BE FREE Transformation Ministries (located in Sioux Falls, South Dakota) will receive a grant.
For those interested in the 3rd funding cycle, Break the Chains is currently accepting grant applications to provide seed monies for new and emerging ministries begun by American Baptist individuals or organizations that seek to end the trafficking and/or sexual exploitation of women and children. The application is due by August 31, 2009 and is available online.
Source
Information regarding Break the Chains was obtained during a presentation by Barbara Anderson, Break the Chains Director and President-elect of the American Baptist Women’s Ministries, at International Community Church in Boston on June 7, 2009, a brief follow-up telephone interview on June 19, 2009, and the Break the Chains website at www.abwmbreakthechains.org. Information regarding the “Code of Conduct for the Protection of Children from Sexual Exploitation in Travel and Tourism” was obtained at www.thecode.org.
Barbara Anderson currently serves as Director for the American Baptist Women's Break the Chains Project for Massachusetts, which is part of a national campaign sponsored by American Bapist Women's Ministries to raise funds and awareness on this issue of human trafficking. Barbara is a member of Trinity Baptist Church in Arlington, Mass. where she currently serves as chairperson of the missions committee, which has sponsored several local community awareness events on human trafficking. She may be contacted for presentations regarding human trafficking at abwbarbara@comcast.net or 781-929-7226.
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by Brian Corcoran
“Trafficking weakens legitimate economies, breaks up families, fuels violence, threatens public health and safety, and shreds the social fabric that is necessary for progress. It undermines our long-term efforts to promote peace and prosperity worldwide. And it is an affront to our values and our commitment to human rights.”
-Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State, June 16, 2009
“But if anyone causes one of these little ones who believe in me to sin, it would be better for him to have a large millstone hung around his neck and to be drowned in the depths of the sea.”
-Jesus, King of the Nations and Lord of All, approximately 2000 years ago
The State Department’s Trafficking in Persons (TIP) report was released last month. For those who are unfamiliar, unclear, or skeptical about the activity, issues, sources, and significance of human trafficking on a global scale, the 300-plus page report delivers documentation of trafficking activity in 175 countries and ranks their response to the challenge. Ambassador Luis Cdebaca sees the report as a “global snapshot of the modern slavery problem.” In the process, the 2009 TIP report also attempts to underscore the root causes of human trafficking, such as poverty, lax law enforcement and the exploitation of women.
The 2009 Trafficking in Persons report “seeks to increase global awareness of the human trafficking phenomenon by shedding new light on various facets of the problem and highlighting shared and individual efforts of the international community, and to encourage foreign governments to take effective action against all forms of trafficking in persons.”The high goal of the report and the U.S. anti-human trafficking policy is “freeing victims from this modern-day form of slavery.”
The 2009 TIP report contains “the most comprehensive worldwide report on governments’ efforts to combat severe forms of trafficking in persons.” It provides information on “countries of origin, transit, or destination for trafficking victims. It represents an updated, global look at the nature and scope of trafficking in persons and the broad range of government actions to confront and eliminate it.” The main body of the report contains 175 country narratives which are ranked according to a tier system in order to measure and monitor the country’s response to the challenge of trafficking.
Unique to this current report, Ambassador Cdebaca points out, is “the effect of the global economic crisis on the human trafficking issue.” The report concludes that “in a time of economic crisis, victims are more vulnerable, affected communities are more vulnerable, and persons who are under economic stress are more likely to fall prey to the wiles of the traffickers, who often get their victims through promises of a better life, promises of better earnings, the ability to earn money if they are to travel abroad for work.”
“The last year was marked also by the onset of a global financial crisis, which has raised the spector of increased human trafficking around the world.” Furthermore, the 2009 TIP report states, “As a result of the crisis, two concurrent trends—a shrinking global demand for labor and a growing supply of workers willing to take ever greater risks for economic opportunities—seem to be a recipe for increased forced labor cases of migrant workers and women in prostitution.” In Asia, The International Labor Organization predicted “a worst-case scenario of 113 million unemployed in 2009” that is contributing to trafficking.
“The TIP report is a diplomatic tool for the U.S. Government to use to encourage continued dialogue and help focus resources on prosecution, protection, and prevention programs and policies.” In addition to the broad recommended strategies of the 2009 TIP report of prosecution, protection, and prevention, Secretary of State Clinton has added a fourth P: partnership, as she spoke to the press.
Speaking at the release of the 2009 TIP report, Ambassador Luis Cdebaca, who is the Director of the Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, underscored the way in which the report serves as “a diagnostic tool that informs and guides our efforts as we seek to build a global partnership to combat modern slavery. We must build on our common interests to attack this phenomenon in partnership.” Furthermore, Cdebaca claims that these partnerships must include NGO’s and the NGO’s seem to work best when they incorporate human trafficking survivors in their program teams.
One of the examples of an award winning anti-trafficking NGO celebrated by Clinton at the TIP report release was the Rehab Foundation of Costa Rica started by Marilliana Morales Berrios. Berrios’ program provides counseling, education, and job training. Furthermore, as Clinton explains, “It works to stop trafficking before it starts by training government leaders, police, young people, and tourism workers how to identify, investigate, and successfully intervene when trafficking occurs.” On receiving the award, Berrios speaking through an interpreter thanked God for the award, recognized her courageous colleagues and continued to address the press. “Although we fight against human trafficking in different ways, we have the same goal: to defeat this crime. And we trust in God’s grace that He will help us achieve that.”
Considering a Global Definition of Human Trafficking
“Human trafficking is defined in American law and international agreements as obtaining or maintaining the labor or services of another through force, coercion, and, in effect modern slavery,” was the brief explanation Cdebaca offered during a press briefing on the 2009 TIP report. He added, “The use of the word ‘trafficking’ seems to have the notion of movement built into it.” However, “Under both U.S. law and under the United Nations protocol, movement is not required. And so what we are really dealing with is—we’re dealing with that notion of global forced labor, global enslavement.”
Citing both the recent International Labor Organization report and the United Nations Office on Drug and Crime report, Cdebaca points out what is common and clear in all trafficking cases: “the notion that people are being enslaved, whether it is prostitution, whether it is labor, agriculture, factories, fields, or domestic service,” and that they are, “often entering into a relationship voluntarily and then becoming enslaved within that.”
In their 2007 article, “Documenting the Effects of Trafficking in Women,” Cathy Zimmerman and Charlotte Watts, gender violence and public health experts, made the statement, “Trafficking is a complex, diverse, and controversial phenomenon, which has made the search for a definition a ‘terminological minefield.’”
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families provides an overview of human trafficking on its website. “Human trafficking is a form of modern-day slavery. Victims of human trafficking are young children, teenagers, men and women.” According to the State Department, approximately 600,000 to 800,000 victims annually are trafficked across international borders worldwide. The method and motive of human trafficking include, “force, fraud, or coercion, for the purpose of sexual exploitation of forced labor.”
The Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 defines “Severe Forms of Trafficking in Persons” as:
“Human trafficking” centers on exploitation and is distinct from “human smuggling” which centers on transportation and is generally defined as:
Another attempt to define and clarify what human trafficking is can be found on the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime website. Article 3, paragraph (a) of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons defines trafficking in persons as the “recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs.”
As these various definitions of trafficking are considered and applied, some common trafficking techniques that have been identified and circulated among various U.S. governmental agencies, such as Health and Human Services, include:
Human Trafficking Law Enforcement in the United States
Enforcement of human trafficking in the United States is accomplished through a recent and complicated, multi-agency collaboration, attempting to simultaneously address human trafficking, human smuggling, and terrorist mobility. As described on the Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s website, “U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), the largest investigative agency in the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), has responsibility for enforcing laws related to human smuggling and trafficking. As a result, ICE plays a leading role in the Human Smuggling and Trafficking Center (HSTC), the federal government's primary tool in the fight against human smuggling and trafficking.”
In the current approach, human trafficking, which is legally distinct from human smuggling and terrorist mobility, is connected with these activities when it comes to law enforcement. “The HSTC was established to achieve greater integration and overall effectiveness in the U.S. government's efforts to combat human smuggling, trafficking in persons, and clandestine terrorist travel.” Although this integrated approach, also has it’s downside.
Therefore, as Immigration and Customs Enforcement are leading the human trafficking law enforcement process, from the United States it’s mission includes working, “with its law enforcement partners to dismantle the global criminal infrastructure engaged in human trafficking,” and requires working “in partnership with nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to identify, rescue and provide assistance to trafficking victims.” In assisting the victims of sex trafficking, one the most important roles of Health and Human Services is “to connect victims with non-profit organizations prepared to assist them and address their specific needs. These organizations can provide counseling, case management and benefit coordination.”
As with the parachurch, non-profit, Not For Sale campaign and the church denominationally based model of Break the Chains, the U.S. government-initiated June 2009 Trafficking in Persons Report illustrates the reality, magnitude, and scope of the issue of human trafficking, while at the same time calling upon non-governmental organizations, secular non-profit organizations, faith-based non-profit organizations, churches, and individuals to engage and collaborate in addressing the immense and diverse challenge of ending modern slavery.
Image provided by Not For Sale Campaign
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Resources on Human Trafficking
Compiled by Not For Sale, Break the Chains, and the Emmanuel Research ReviewNOT FOR SALE: http://www.notforsalecampaign.org
Not For Sale—Resources: http://www.notforsalecampaign.org/resources/
The Not For Sale website has tool kits for schools, books and curriculum. On this site there is a free version of the introduction of Not For Sale by David Batstone; The NFS Abolitionist Church Handbook; and NFS’s “Set the Captives Free” Bible study (along with high school and college curriculum).Not For Sale—World News: http://www.notforsalecampaign.org/news/category/world-news/
This is a portal for world news on human trafficking issues. Maintained by NFS.BREAK THE CHAINS: http://www.abwmbreakthechains.org
Break the Chains—Podcast: http://abwm.libsyn.com/index.php?post_id=432694
An interview with Barbara Anderson, an American Baptist laywoman in Massachusetts who has dedicated her ministry to this topic. Barbara shares with us her experience, her inspirations, and her prayers for the future.
Break the Chains—Book List: http://www.abwmbreakthechains.org/media/BOOKS%20ON%20HUMAN%20TRAFFICKING.pdf
This two page book list on Human Trafficking was compiled by Janet Hogan for American Baptist Women’s Ministries in 2007. Hogan’s top suggestions include: The Natasha’s: Inside the New Global Sex Trade by Victor Malarek (Arcade Publishing, reprint edition 2005), Woman, Child—For Sale by Gilbert King (Chamberlain Bros., 2004), Human Traffic: Sex, Slaves and Immigration by Craig McGill (Vision Paperbacks, 2003), Not For Sale by David Batstone, and Redeeming Love by Francine Rivers (a fictional story about a woman who worked as a prostitute).Break the Chains—Websites About Human Trafficking:
http://www.abwmbreakthechains.org/media/Websites%20of%20Interest.pdf
This list of websites, compiled by Janet Hogan for American Baptist Women’s Ministries in 2007, provides a wide variety of links to governmental, non-profit, and Christian organizations with brief comments such as:
- Anti-Slavery International (www.antislavery.org), founded in 1839, is the world's oldest international human rights organization and the only charity in the United Kingdom to work exclusively against slavery and related abuses. (Large amount of resources and information.)
- The Protection Project (www.protectionproject.org) is a human rights research institute. The Project was founded in 1994 to address the issue of trafficking in persons as a human rights violation. Excellent site for U.S. training and assistance, global NGO network, commentaries, publications, links, etc.
Additional Resources Compiled by the Emmanuel Research Review
A Crime So Monstrous by Ben Skinner
http://www.acrimesomonstrous.com/Bureau of Justice Statistics Special Report
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pub/pdf/cshti08.pdfCampus Coalition Against Trafficking
http://ccatcoalition.web.aplus.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/08/human-traffick-cheat-sheet-07.pdfChange.org—End Human Trafficking
http://humantrafficking.change.orgChildTrafficking.com Digital Library
http://www.childtrafficking.com/Content/LibraryCity of Boston Family Justice Center
http://www.cityofboston.gov/fjc/part_serv.aspEuropean Evangelical Alliance: Impact in the Public Arena (8.4.09)
http://www.worldevangelicals.org/pdf/Combating_human_trafficking_through_business.pdfFree2Work
http://www.free2work.orgFree the Slaves
http://www.freetheslaves.netFree the Slaves Bookstore
http://freetheslaves.madebysurvivors.com/category-s/2.htmHeath & Human Services
http://www.acf.hhs.gov/trafficking/about/index.htmlThe Huffington Post—Obama’s Abolitionist by Ben Skinner
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ben-skinner/obamas-abolitionist_b_178781.htmlHuman Trafficking Students
http://humantraffickingstudents.webs.comImmigration and Customs Enforcement
http://www.ice.govInternational Organization for Migration—Handbook on Direct Assistance for Victims of Trafficking
http://publications.iom.intNational Criminal Justice Reference Service
http://www.ncjrs.govNational Human Trafficking Resource Center
http://nhtrc.polarisproject.orgNortheastern University Human Trafficking Data Collection and Reporting Project
http://www.humantrafficking.neu.eduOffice to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons
http://www.state.gov/g/tipPolaris Project
http://www.polarisproject.orgUnited Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
World Health Organization—WHO Ethical and Safety Recommendations for Interviewing Trafficked Women
http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/human-trafficking/what-is-human-trafficking.html
http://www.who.int/gender/documents/en/final%20recommendations%2023%20oct.pdf
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