Starter Resources on Race for White Evangelicals

Starter Resources on Race for White Evangelicals

by Megan Lietz

Biblical and Theological Foundations

As with all matters, it’s important that we root our understanding in God’s word. Explore the following resources to better understand the biblical and theological foundation of continuing God’s redemptive work across racial lines.

A Theology of Racial Healing:  Though the word “racism” is not used in the Bible, scripture tells the story of God reconciling all people to himself and one another. In this resource, RCCI suggests a Biblically-grounded theology on Christ's redemptive work in the area of race relations.

The Sin of Racism: Though racism is often not named as a sin from the White evangelical pulpit, this article by Tim Keller explains from a biblical perspective how racism is a sin and that it manifests individually and corporately. Though there is disagreement around how to respond to racism, as Christians, we cannot leave this sin unaddressed. 

Ethnic Identity: Bringing Your Full Self to God: God gave each one of us ethnic identities that reflect the character and image of God. Explore what the Bible has to say about ethnicity and culture in this self-led Bible study for groups and individuals. It reveals how God sees our ethnic identity and uses it as a part of his redemptive plan.

Race & Racial Hierarchy as the Product of Broken Humanity

While our ethnicities were given to us by God, the social classification of race and the racial hierarchy it serves was a product of a broken humanity. To learn more about how the concept of race developed and was shaped by socio-historical realities, not God’s will, explore the following resources.

Race: The Power of Illusion: This is a three-part PBS documentary that explores the origins of race and how it is not a genetic reality, but a relatively new social construct. Though somewhat dated, the foundation laid here is important to understanding the concept of race. If only one episode is watched, it is recommended to watch Part 2: The Story We Tell. It can be rented on vimeo or is available via Kanopy subscription service, that may be available through a local library.

Our Experience and Identity as White People

In order to engage effectively as white people in issues of race we need to understand how our experiences and perspectives may be different from those of people of color. An important part of this is understanding the racial privilege and power we have as White people because of the color of our skin. For some perspective, check out the following resources.

If you’re looking for a primer on how aspects of our identity like race and gender grant us measures of privilege and how they can impact our lived experience check out Allan Johnson’s book, Privilege, Power, and Difference.

Waking Up White is a memoir by Debby Irving, a white woman who grew up in a predominantly white, wealthy suburb of Boston, about how she came to see and respond to her whiteness. Her journey can offer insights and encouragement for your own.

In, White Awake: An Honest Look at White It Means to Be White, Daniel Hill leads readers through phases of White identity development and offers biblical tools to navigate these seasons of growth. He also offers strong chapters on markers of racial awareness and action steps you can take to progress in your racial awareness journey.

Peggy McIntosh’s article, White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack, is a brief and classic work that gives examples of how white people may experience privilege in their daily life. Simply becoming aware of what privilege looks like and how it can manifest in our lives is a crucial step!

 

Engaging Issues of Race

As we explore our identity as white people, we need to consider how this shapes our role in engaging issues of race and develop a toolkit for effective action.

Woke Church, by Eric Mason, explores the biblical call to justice that is for all believers and how the Church can regain its prophetic voice and practice to confront racism in the United States.

How to Be Last: A Practical Theology for Privileged People is a blog post by Christena Cleveland that lays a theological foundation for the posture that white people should take as they follow people of color into the work of racial reconciliation.

Soong Chan Rah’s book, Many Colors: Cultural Intelligence for a Changing Church, explores what Christians need to know and do to engage across racial lines in ways that are loving and respectful.

Mark Kramer’s article, Unpacking White Privilege: Feeling Guilty about Racial Injustice Isn’t the Point; the Point Is Doing Something About It complements Peggy’s McIntosh’s article by offering suggestions for how to respond to some of the privileges she identifies.

For additional resources, check out Next Step Resources for White Evangelicals.

Take ACTION

Contact Megan Lietz

Contact Megan Lietz

Megan Lietz, M.Div., STM, helps White evangelicals engage respectfully and responsible with issues of race. She is the director of EGC’s Race & Christian Community Initiative.

A Good Death: The Benefits of Talking About End of Life

A Good Death: The Benefits of Talking about End of Life

by Bethany Slack, MPH, MT

“For everything there is a season, and a time for every matter under heaven: a time to be born, and a time to die…” - Ecclesiastes 3:1-2a 

As human beings, we all share the common experiences of birth and death. But we tend to focus our time and energy planning, living out, and seeking to improve our time here on earth. Many of us give little attention to how we wish to experience the end of earthly life.

Passage into extreme old age or the discovery of terminal illness can stir up confusion and conflicting desires. Miscommunication with family and medical staff is common.

If we have avoided discussing End of Life (EOL) issues as families, churches, and communities, there are usually medical, relational, financial, and spiritual ramifications. But open conversation benefits both the individual and the community.

You May Be Surprised To Learn

• Research indicates that 80% of people would like to die at home, yet only about one third do.

• Dying in a hospital is pricier and comes with more aggressive treatments than dying in other facilities or at home.

• Hospice services offer treatments that make a terminally ill person comfortable at the end of life, and more people than ever are choosing to receive hospice care.

• Persons with terminal cancer who are part of a highly supportive spiritual community are more likely to receive aggressive care and die in the hospital, rather than choose hospice or home care.

• Among those with highly supportive spiritual communities, racial/ethnic minorities and those reporting strong reliance on God are even more likely to receive aggressive treatments at the end of life.

Introducing a Boston Public Health and Wellness Initiative

The Public Health and Wellness (PH&W) initiative at the Emmanuel Gospel Center is beginning to explore such end of life questions, building on our ministry partners’ wisdom, insights, and contributions to the field.

Observing the needs of her own congregation, Rev. Gloria White-Hammond, M.D. of Bethel AME Church began Planning Ahead, a ministry to encourage discussion of EOL issues and advance directives.  Michael Balboni, Ph.D., Th.M., affiliated with Harvard Medical School and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, has published extensively about the role of spirituality and spiritual care in medicine and end of life care. Both have a desire to see EOL issues more widely engaged in faith communities.

With Dr. White-Hammond and Dr. Balboni, the PH&W initiative is planning a 2017 convening in the Boston area with the hope of connecting pastors and other Christian leaders with medical professionals. We hope to spark a new vision in faith communities of what a “good death” can look like, and how planning for good deaths can benefit and bless our city and society.

Take Action

1. Learn more about the current state of EOL in the United States.

2. Connect with me for further conversation.

Contact Bethany Slack

Contact Form

3. Financially support the Public Health & Wellness Initiative at EGC.

Bethany Slack, MPH, MT, is the Public Health and Wellness research associate at EGC. Her passion is to see Jesus’ love translated into improved health and health justice for all, across the lifespan and across the globe.

RESEARCHING YOUR CITY FOR MINISTRY IMPACT

Resources for Research

PRESENTER’S WEB CONNECTIONS

·      Berlin – Gemeinsam für Berlin (Together for Berlin) http://www.gfberlin.de/startseite

·      Boston – Emmanuel Gospel Center (EGC) – http://www.egc.org/

·      South Africa –

o   Jewels of Hope http://jewelsofhope.org/

o   Johannesburg Housing Company – http://www.jhc.co.za/

EXAMPLES OF RESEARCH FROM EMMANUEL GOSPEL CENTER (EGC)

Note: EGC is engaged in a website makeover. We are working to migrate files from our old site to the new one as quickly as we can. Some of these resources may not be available right away.

·      New England’s Book of Acts. Stories of how God is growing the churches among many people groups and ethnic groups in Greater Boston. https://www.egc.org/blog-2/new-englands-book-of-acts.

·      What is the Quiet Revival? an overview:

What is the Quiet Revival? Fifty years ago, a church planting movement quietly took root in Boston. Since then, the number of churches within the city limits of Boston has nearly doubled.

http://www.egc.org/blog/2016/10/13/understanding-bostons-quiet-revival

·      Youth Violence System Project (YVSP) – http://www.gettingtotheroots.org/

o   YVSP Neighborhood Studies — http://www.gettingtotheroots.org/community

o   YVSP overview — Khary Bridgewater, et al, “A Community-Based Systems Learning Approach to Understanding Youth Violence in Boston,” Progress in Community Health Partnership: Research, Education, and Action) http://www.gettingtotheroots.org/aes/sites/default/files/yvsp_sprev_article1.pdf

·      Boston Church Directory — print editions 1989 to 2001; online condensed edition at http://egcboston.force.com/bcd

Other EGC studies (some available in print, all will be available online in the near future at egc.org)

·      The Unsolved Leadership Challenge (2014; church planting and women in leadership)

·      Christianity in Boston (1993; discovery of Quiet Revival)

·      Educating Urban Christians in the 21st Century (1998; needs assessment study)

·      Youth Ministry in Boston (1995; needs assessment survey)

·      Studying Urban Communities (1994, and updates; questionnaire and study guide)

SOME EXCELLENT CITY RESEARCH TOOLS & ORGANIZATIONS

Center for the Study of Global Christianity: (Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary) does research to maintain the World Christian Database, which has data on over 5,000 cities. It also is the repository for research collected by the World Evangelisation Research Center in Nairobi, Kenya. Other resources include the World Christian Encyclopedia and the Atlas of Global Christianity. Director Todd Johnson. http://www.gordonconwell.edu/ockenga/research/index.cfm

Community Tool Box: a major, free online set of resources for anyone seeking to improve communities or foster social change. Among the 46 areas covered in English, Spanish and Arabic are several related to research: “Assessing Community Needs and Resources” (Ch. 3), Evaluation Research (Chs. 36-39), and “Analyzing Community Problems and Solutions” (Ch. 17). Associated with the Univ. of Kansas. http://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents

Global Research, International Mission Board (IMB) & Global Research Information Center http://public.imb.org/globalresearch/Pages/default.aspx

Lausanne International Researchers Network https://www.facebook.com/LausanneInternationalResearchersNetwork/

Minneapolis - St. Paul City View Reports: by John A. Mayer; religious demographics of the twin cities. http://cityvisiontc.org/?page_id=535

Movement of African National Initiatives (MANI): Continental Coordinator, Reuben Ezemadu; research focused on discovering unreached groups. http://maniafrica.com/research/  

OC Research (Department of One Challenge International) http://www.ocresearch.info

Operation World, Patrick Johnstone; prayer oriented research on all countries (7th ed.) http://www.operationworld.org/

BOOKS & ARTICLES ON URBAN CHURCH & COMMUNITY RESEARCH

Conn, Harvie M., and Manuel Ortiz. Urban Ministry: The Kingdom, The City, and the People of God. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2001. See also Section 1 in Planting and Growing Urban Churches: From Dream to Reality, edited by Harvie M. Conn. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 1997.

Conn, Harvie M. Urban Church Research: Methods and Models: Collected Readings. Philadelphia: Westminster Theological Seminary, 1985.

Dudley, Carl S. Community Ministry: New Challenges, Proven Steps to Faith Based Initiatives. Herndon, Virginia: Alban Institute, 2002. See especially part I.

Eisland, Nancy L. and R. Stephen Warner. “Ecology: Seeing the Congregation in Context.” In Studying Congregations: A New Handbook, edited by Nancy T. Ammerman, Jackson W. Carroll, Carl S. Dudley, and William McKinney. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1998.

Hadaway, C. Kirk. “Learning from Urban Church Research.” Urban Mission, January 1985, 33-44.

Lingenfelter, Judith. “Getting to Know Your New City.” In Discipling the City: A Comprehensive Approach to Urban Mission, 2nd edition, edited by Roger S. Greenway. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Books, 1992.

Monsma, Timothy M. “Research: Matching Goals and Methods to Advance the Gospel.” In Discipling the City: A Comprehensive Approach to Urban Mission, 2nd edition, edited by Roger S. Greenway. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Books, 1992.

Nussbaum, Stan. Breakthrough: Prayerful, Productive Field Research in Your Place of Ministry. 2nd edition. Colorado Springs, Colorado: GMI Research Services, 2011. Website for GMI Research - http://www.gmi.org/about-us/

Sider, Ronald J., Philip N. Olson, and Heidi Rolland Unruh. Churches That Make a Difference: Reaching Your Community with Good News and Good Works. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Books, 2002. See chapter 12.

Taylor, Dick. “Discovering Your Neighborhood’s Needs.” Sojourners, June 1979, 22-24.

BOOKS & ARTICLES ON GENERAL RESEARCH METHODS

Bergold, Jarg, and Stefan Thomas. “Participatory Research Methods: A Methodological Approach in Motion.” Forum: Qualitative Social Research 13, no. 1 (January 2012): Article 30. http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1801/3334 Special issue on participatory qualitative research and action research.

Beukes, Anni. “Know Your City: Community: Profiling of Informal Settlements.” IIED Briefing: Policy and Planning, June 2014, http://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/17244IIED.pdf. Importance and methods of gathering data on informal urban communities to work for community improvements.

Chevalier, Jacques, and Daniel J. Buckles. Handbook for Participatory Action Research, Planning and Evaluation. Ottawa, Canada: SAS2 Dialogue, 2013. Accessed 7 Oct. 2016. http://www.sas2.net/sites/default/files/sites/all/files/manager/Toolkit_En_March7_2013-S.pdf

Creswell, John W. Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. 3nd edition. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 2013. A practical book covering narrative research, phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, and case study approaches.

Denscombe, Martyn. The Good Research Guide for Small-Scale Social Research Projects. 5th edition. New York: McGraw-Hill / Open University Press, 2014. Contains helpful checklists, summaries, and text boxes highlighting the essentials of basic research methods.

Denzin, Norman K., and Yvonna S. Lincoln, editors. Handbook of Qualitative Research, 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 2011. A standard text on the subject containing contributions from many leading international scholars.

DeWalt, Kathleen M., and Billie R. DeWalt. Participant Observation: A Guide for Fieldworkers. 2nd edition. Lanham, Maryland: AltaMira Press, 2010.

Emerson, Robert M., Rachel I. Fretz, and Linda L. Shaw. Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes. 2nd edition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011.             Very specific and well-illustrated guidance on collecting and writing up ethnographic field observations.

Krueger, Richard R., and Mary Anne Casey. Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research. 5th edition. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 2015.

Leedy, Paul D., and Jeanne Ellis Ormrod. Practical Research: Planning and Design. 11th edition. Upper Saddle River, N. J.: Pearson, 2015. This book has gone through many editions and is useful in many subject areas of research.

Mack, Natasha, Cynthia Woodsong, Kathleen M. MacQueen, Greg Guest, and Emily Namey. Qualitative Research Methods: A Data Collector’s Field Guide. Research Triangle Park, N.C.: Family Health International, 2005. Available free online at: https://www.fhi360.org/resource/qualitative-research-methods-data-collectors-field-guide.  This resource is designed for use in international settings and developing countries.

Morgan, David L. Focus Groups as Qualitative Research. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1996. See also Morgan and R.A. Krueger, The Focus Group Kit (6 volumes also published by Sage).

Saldana, Johnny. The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. 3rd edition. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 2016. Coding is an important process in analyzing qualitative research data, and this book gives detailed examples and a great variety of methods used in coding.

Taylor, Steven J., Robert Bogdan, and Marjorie L. DeVault. Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods: A Guidebook and Resource. 4th edition. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, 2016. Contains extensive material on participant observation, in-depth interviewing, and working with qualitative data.

Weiss, Robert S. Learning from Strangers: The Art and Method of Qualitative Interview Studies. New York: The Free Press, 1994. Includes examples and excerpts from interview transcripts with comments.

Yin, Robert K. Case Study Research: Design and Methods. 5th edition. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 2014. A standard work on case study research.